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ScienceDaily · 06/24/2024 12:54 EDT

Circulating microRNAs likely as effective as A1C for predicting type 2 diabetes in youth

Type 2 diabetes in young people ages 10 to 19 has more than doubled in the past 20 years, yet it remains difficult for physicians to predict who will be diagnosed and who will improve with treatment. A new study shows that measuring the circulating abundance of microRNAs -- which affect insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas -- is likely as effective as measuring the level of sugar in the... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 1 place · 06/24/2024 12:54 EDT

Innovative 3D printing method streamlines multi-materials manufacturing

Researchers have developed a way to create complex devices with multiple materials -- including plastics, metals and semiconductors -- all with a single machine. The research outlines a novel 3D printing and laser process to manufacture multi-material, multi-layered sensors, circuit boards and even textiles with electronic components. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 3 place · 06/24/2024 12:54 EDT

Star clusters observed within a galaxy in the early Universe

The history of how stars and galaxies came to be and evolved into the present day remains among the most challenging astrophysical questions to solve yet, but new research brings us closer to understanding it. New insights about young galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization have been revealed. Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of the galaxy Cosmic Gems arc (SPT0615-JD) have confirmed that the light of the... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 1 place · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Novel catalysts for improved methanol production using carbon dioxide dehydrogenation

Encapsulating copper nanoparticles within hydrophobic porous silicate crystals has been shown to significantly enhance the catalytic activity of copper-zinc oxide catalysts used in methanol synthesis via CO2 hydrogenation. The innovative encapsulation structure effectively inhibits the thermal aggregation of copper particles, leading to enhanced hydrogenation activity and increased methanol production. This breakthrough paves the way for more efficient methanol synthesis from CO2. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Unifying behavioral analysis through animal foundation models

Behavioral analysis can provide a lot of information about the health status or motivations of a living being. A new technology makes it possible for a single deep learning model to detect animal motion across many species and environments. This 'foundational model', called SuperAnimal, can be used for animal conservation, biomedicine, and neuroscience research. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Hidden DNA mechanisms of rare genetic diseases uncovered

Researchers have uncovered how specific DNA rearrangements called inverted triplications contribute to the development of various genetic diseases. The study reveals that during DNA repair, segments may switch templates within inverted repeats, leading to structural variations and gene dosage alterations, impacting conditions like MECP2 duplication syndrome. This discovery opens new avenues for understanding and treating rare genetic disorders. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Cooling 'blood oranges' could make them even healthier -- a bonus for consumers

An orange teeming with antioxidants and other health benefits may be a shot in the arm for consumers and citrus growers, if the fruit is stored at cool temperatures, a new study shows. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Resiliency shaped by activity in the gut microbiome and brain

A new study has found that resilient people exhibit neural activity in the brain regions associated with improved cognition and regulating of emotions, and were more mindful and better at describing their feelings. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:29 EDT

Prying open the AI black box

Meet SQUID, a new computational tool. Compared with other genomic AI models, SQUID is more consistent, reduces background noise, and can yield better predictions regarding critical mutations. The new system aims to bring scientists closer to their findings' true medical implications. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

Activating molecular target reverses multiple hallmarks of aging

Researchers have demonstrated that therapeutically restoring 'youthful' levels of a specific subunit of the telomerase enzyme can significantly reduce the signs and symptoms of aging in preclinical models. If these findings are confirmed in clinical studies, there may be therapeutic implications for age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, heart disease and cancer. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 2 place · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

Restoring the Great Salt Lake would have environmental justice as well as ecological benefits

Inland seas around the world are drying up due to increasing human water use and accelerating climate change, and their desiccation is releasing harmful dust that pollutes the surrounding areas during acute dust storms. Using the Great Salt Lake in Utah as a case study, researchers show that dust exposure was highest among Pacific Islanders and Hispanic people and lower in white people compared to all other racial/ethnic groups, and... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 3 place · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

Research finds causal evidence tying cerebral small-vessel disease to Alzheimer's, dementia

While previous studies suggested an association of the most common cerebral small-vessel disease with dementia risk, new research provides evidence of causal link, identifying it as a major vascular factor. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

Lab-grown muscles reveal mysteries of rare muscle diseases

Biomedical engineers have grown muscles in a lab to better understand and test treatments for a group of extremely rare muscle disorders called dysferlinopathy or limb girdle muscular dystrophies 2B (LGMD2B). The research revealed the biological mechanisms underlying the disease and showed that a combination of existing treatments could alleviate its symptoms. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

AI-driven plant root analysis

As part of an investigation to boost agricultural yields and develop crops that are resilient to climate change, Berkeley Lab scientists have introduced RhizoNet, a computational tool that harnesses the power of AI to transform how we study plant roots and root behavior under various environmental conditions. A paper describing their innovative deep-learning approach, combined with a unique hydroponic device that facilitates in-situ plant imaging, was published June 5 in... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:28 EDT

Membrane protein analogues could accelerate drug discovery

Researchers have created a deep learning pipeline for designing soluble analogues of key protein structures used in pharmaceutical development, sidestepping the prohibitive cost of extracting these proteins from cell membranes. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:27 EDT

How to make aging a 'fairer game' for all wormkind

Researchers have discovered a new fundamental mechanism governing the rules of ageing in worms. The researchers were able to manipulate the mechanism through genetic interventions which dramatically extend not just the lifespan of the worms, but also their health-span. In other words, trading weak, frail old age with vigorous golden years -- all without altering their diet, environment or other external factors. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/21/2024 12:26 EDT

Unlocking the entrepreneurial brain: New perspectives on cognitive flexibility

Pioneering research highlights the importance of combining neuroscience with traditional entrepreneurial studies to gain a comprehensive understanding of what makes successful entrepreneurs distinct at a neurological level. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 06/20/2024 19:40 EDT

Scientists discover new behavior of membranes that could lead to unprecedented separations

Argonne scientists have used isoporous membranes -- membranes with pores of equal size and shape -- and recirculation to create separations at the nanoscale that overcome previous limitations. Read more ›

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