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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 2 place · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Veins of bacteria could form a self-healing system for concrete infrastructure

In hopes of producing concrete structures that can repair their cracks, researchers are putting a new twist on an old trick for improving the durability of concrete. Fiber reinforcement has been around since the first masons were mixing horsehair into their mud. But this research team is taking this method to the next level by turning reinforcing fibers into a living tissue system that rushes concrete-healing bacteria to the site... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Immersive VR goggles for mice unlock new potential for brain science

New miniature virtual reality (VR) goggles provide more immersive experiences for mice living in laboratory settings. By more faithfully simulating natural environments, the researchers can more accurately and precisely study the neural circuitry that underlies behavior. Compared to current state-of-the-art systems, which simply surround mice with computer or projection screens, the new goggles provide a leap in advancement. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Hybrid device significantly improves existing, ubiquitous laser technology

Researchers have developed a chip-scale laser source that enhances the performance of semiconductor lasers while enabling the generation of shorter wavelengths. This pioneering work represents a significant advance in the field of photonics, with implications for telecommunications, metrology, and other high-precision applications. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Mothers need more 'exclusive breastfeeding' support

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is proven to protect both mother and child health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), between 2015 and 2021, 48% of mothers exclusively breastfed, meaning that their babies were not given any other food or liquids. However, this figure is based on data collected from surveys which report what a child was given in the previous 24 hours. A research... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Major breakthrough for severe asthma treatment

A landmark study has shown that severe asthma can be controlled using biologic therapies, without the addition of regular high-dose inhaled steroids which can have significant side effects. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:31 EDT

Formaldehyde, a carcinogen, is also used by the body to regulate our genes

Formaldehyde's toxicity was presumed to derive from its ability to crosslink DNA, but that happens only at huge doses. Recent discoveries that formaldehyde is found in the body in small amounts led a team to investigate its natural role. They found that formaldehyde regulates epigenetic modification of DNA, interfering with an enzyme that carries methyl groups used to modify DNA. Too much formaldehyde could suppress methylation, potentially leading to cancer. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

How immune cells recognize their enemies

In order for immune cells to do their job, they need to know against whom they should direct their attack. Research teams a have identified new details in this process. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

Engineers design a robotic replica of the heart's right chamber

Engineers developed a robotic replica of the heart's right ventricle, which mimics the beating and blood-pumping action of live hearts. The device could be used for studying right ventricle disorders and testing devices and therapies aimed at treating those disorders. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

New genes can arise from nothing

The complexity of living organisms is encoded within their genes, but where do these genes come from? Researchers resolved outstanding questions regarding the origin of small regulatory genes, and described a mechanism that creates their DNA palindromes. Under suitable circumstances, these palindromes evolve into microRNA genes. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

Adapting to hypoxia: Zooplankton influence the efficiency of the biological carbon pump in the Humboldt Current off Peru

Marine organisms play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. Phytoplankton absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and sequester it in organic matter that sinks to the deep ocean where it can be stored for long periods of time. Until now, this process -- the biological carbon pump -- was thought to be particularly efficient in oxygen-poor areas. A new study suggests that the influence of certain zooplankton species... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

Scholars say it's time to declare a new epoch on the moon, the 'lunar Anthropocene'

According to anthropologists and geologists, it's time to acknowledge humans have become the dominant force shaping the moon's environment by declaring a new geological epoch for the moon: the Lunar Anthropocene. They argue the new epoch may have dawned in 1959 when the USSR's unmanned spacecraft Luna 2 alighted on the lunar surface. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 2 place · 12/08/2023 13:30 EDT

New cause of diabetes discovered, offering potential target for new classes of drugs to treat the disease

Researchers have identified an enzyme that blocks insulin produced in the body -- a discovery that could provide a new target to treat diabetes. The study focuses on nitric oxide, a compound that dilates blood vessels, improves memory, fights infection and stimulates the release of hormones, among other functions. How nitric oxide performs these activities had long been a mystery. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/08/2023 13:19 EDT

A fork in the 'rhod': Researchers unveil comprehensive collection of rhodamine-based fluorescent dyes

After more than a decade of developing fluorescent probes, a research team has now released the culmination of their years of work: A comprehensive collection of rhodamine-based dyes, the novel chemistry they developed to synthesize them and insights that provide a roadmap for designing future probes. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 21:08 EDT

Discrimination during pregnancy may alter circuits in infants' brains

Racial discrimination and bias are painful realities and increasingly recognized as detrimental to the health of adults and children. These stressful experiences also appear to be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, altering the strength of infants' brain circuits, according to a new study. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 21:08 EDT

ChatGPT often won't defend its answers -- even when it is right

ChatGPT may do an impressive job at correctly answering complex questions, but a new study suggests it may be absurdly easy to convince the AI chatbot that it's in the wrong. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 16:15 EDT

Molecular fossils shed light on ancient life

Paleontologists are getting a glimpse at life over a billion years in the past based on chemical traces in ancient rocks and the genetics of living animals. New research combines geology and genetics, showing how changes in the early Earth prompted a shift in how animals eat. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 16:15 EDT

Hydrogen sulfide regulates neural circuit for respiration

Hydrogen sulfide, recognized by its characteristic rotten egg smell, is synthesized in the respiratory center -- an integral brain region governing respiration. Researchers have identified that hydrogen sulfide within the respiratory center plays a crucial role in maintaining the rhythm and depth of respiration by modulating neurotransmissions. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 16:15 EDT

Revealing the landscape of software as a medical device industry

There has been a surge in academic and business interest in software as a medical device (SaMD). It enables medical professionals to streamline existing medical practices and make innovative medical processes such as digital therapeutics a reality. Furthermore, SaMD is a billion-dollar market. However, it is not clearly understood as a technological change and emerging industry. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/07/2023 16:15 EDT

Riding sound waves in the brain

A technology developed over the past few years for controlling microvehicles using ultrasound also works in the brain, as researchers have now been able to show. These microvehicles are gas bubbles, which are harmless and dissolve once their job is done. In the future, these microvehicles could be equipped with medications and deliver them to specific points in the brain. This may increase the efficacy of the drugs and reduce... Read more ›

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