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ScienceDaily · 09/24/2024 12:29 EDT

Low-temperature conversion of ammonia to hydrogen via electric field-aided surface protonics

Ammonia (NH3) can be decomposed to produce hydrogen gas without releasing CO2. The ease of transport and high hydrogen density make it valuable for the green energy industry. A drawback of using NH3 is that it requires very high temperatures for decomposition reactions. Researchers have now presented a surface protonics-assisted method for the on-demand production of green hydrogen from ammonia using an electric field and Ru/CeO2 catalyst. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/24/2024 12:29 EDT

The curious immune cells caught between worlds

Scientists have uncovered critical differences between how innate-like T cells mature in humans and mice. Early in life, most innate-like T cells in the human thymus aren't able to use all of their immune abilities. The discovery could point to better preclinical studies and, perhaps someday, a new form of immunotherapy. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/24/2024 12:29 EDT

Spinning artificial spider silk into next-generation medical materials

It's almost time to dust off the Halloween decorations and adorn the house with all manner of spooky things, including the classic polyester spider webs. Scientists have made their own version of fake spider silk, but this one consists of proteins and heals wounds instead of haunting hallways. The artificial silk is strong enough to be woven into bandages that helped treat joint injuries and skin lesions in mice. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/24/2024 11:28 EDT

Improved cement to protect the living treasures of our coastlines

Artificial coastlines, including human-made dikes and other engineered constructions, can help prevent erosion and protect from storms and flooding. However, ecological functions remain unprotected from many of these structures. So researchers in China have investigated the use of specialized types of cement. The team started with a limestone and clay cement that hardens underwater and then added polyacrylamide and chitosan. The two treatments were mixed into the cement to form... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 21:25 EDT

New battery cathode material could revolutionize EV market and energy storage

A research team has developed a low-cost iron chloride cathode for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries, which could significantly reduce costs and improve performance for electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 18:49 EDT

The heart of the question: Who can get Medicare-covered weight loss medicine?

With Medicare now covering semaglutide for people with obesity and cardiovascular disease who don't have diabetes, a study looks at who that might include, depending on what cutoffs prescription plans apply. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 15:17 EDT

Dream discovery: Melatonin's key role in REM sleep revealed

A significant breakthrough in the understanding of sleep mechanism opens new promise for treating sleep disorders and associated neuropsychiatric conditions: Scientists have pinpointed the melatonin receptor MT1 as a crucial regulator of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 15:17 EDT

Research quantifying 'nociception' could help improve management of surgical pain

New statistical models based on rigorous physiological data from more than 100 surgeries provide objective, accurate measures of 'nociception,' the body's subconscious perception of pain. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 15:17 EDT

Paving the way for new treatments

Researchers have created a computer program that can unravel the mysteries of how proteins work together -- giving scientists valuable insights to better prevent, diagnose and treat cancer and other diseases. The tool uses artificial intelligence (AI) to build the three-dimensional atomic structure of large protein complexes. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 13:56 EDT

New research identifies critical gaps in mental health care for adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

New research finds that adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have high rates of comorbid mental and substance use disorders and significant social and economic disadvantages, and only 26% received minimally adequate treatment. Meeting the needs of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders will require innovative interventions and implementation to improve access to and use of evidence-based approaches, the authors argue. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 13:56 EDT

New approach to defibrillation may improve cardiac arrest outcomes

A new observational study suggests the position in which responders initially place the two defibrillator pads on the body may make a significant difference in returning spontaneous blood circulation after shock from a defibrillator. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 3 place · 09/23/2024 12:13 EDT

Early-universe quasar neighborhoods are indeed cluttered

Observations confirm astronomers' expectation that early-Universe quasars formed in regions of space densely populated with companion galaxies. DECam's exceptionally wide field of view and special filters played a crucial role in reaching this conclusion, and the observations reveal why previous studies seeking to characterize the density of early-Universe quasar neighborhoods have yielded conflicting results. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 12:13 EDT

Potential breakthrough for hard to treat cancers

Experts have developed a breakthrough small-molecule drug, a 'protein degrader'. This molecule, called ACBI3, could potentially lead to new therapies independent of KRAS mutation type, improving outcomes for all patients with cancers caused by KRAS mutations. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 11:08 EDT

From chaos to order: Proteins can re-structure themselves to create important substances

The protein 'MIPS' changes its internal structure when it becomes active. Its disordered active centre becomes a defined structure with special functions. The protein plays a key role in the production of inositol, which is also known as vitamin B8, and fulfills important tasks in the body. Researchers have succeeded for the first time in observing the protein as it re-structures. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 11:08 EDT

Extreme polar light environment of the North and South Poles sustains biodiversity

Researchers working in Finland propose that the unique light environment of the Earth's Polar regions creates conditions that result in circumpolar hybrid zones around the North and the South Poles. These extreme conditions increase the synchrony of reproductive phenology among species, i.e., force all species into a smaller window for reproduction. This will sustain biodiversity in the long term. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily 2 place · 09/23/2024 11:08 EDT

How the brain integrates pain prediction and stimuli

A study has uncovered new insights into how the brain processes and integrates pain information. The research goes beyond identifying brain areas that respond to pain, revealing the mechanisms behind the brain's integration of pain-related information. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), they formalized how the brain combines pain expectations with the actual intensity of painful stimuli. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 09/23/2024 11:08 EDT

Deeper corals may help shallow reefs recover in the Florida keys

Using blushing coral star and genomic DNA analyses, researchers have uncovered vital links between coral populations at varying depths. They identified four distinct genetic lineages, finding strong connectivity between shallow and mesophotic populations. Shallow-specific lineages showed reduced genetic diversity and higher inbreeding compared to depth-generalist lineages. Importantly, mesophotic reefs emerged as crucial reproductive sources, particularly in the Lower and Upper Keys. Corals from these deepe Read more ›

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