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ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:45 EDT

Training AI through human interactions instead of datasets

Researchers have developed a platform to help AI learn to perform complex tasks more like humans. Called 'GUIDE,' it works by allowing humans to observe AI's actions in real-time and provide ongoing, nuanced feedback. Rather than relying on huge datasets, human trainers offer detailed guidance that fosters incremental improvements and deeper understanding. In its debut study, GUIDE helps AI learn how best to play hide-and-seek. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

Tiny dancers: Scientists synchronize bacterial motion

Researchers at TU Delft have discovered that E. coli bacteria can synchronize their movements, creating order in seemingly random biological systems. By trapping individual bacteria in micro-engineered circular cavities and coupling these cavities through narrow channels, the team observed coordinated bacterial motion. These findings have potential applications in engineering controllable biological oscillator networks. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

Countdown to an ice-free Arctic: New research warns of accelerated timelines

Scientists demonstrate how a series of extreme weather events could lead to the Arctic's first ice-free day within just a few years. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

Building green and blue spaces, such as parks, in new communities is crucial for cleaner air

With house building a priority for the new UK Government, researchers are urging city planners not to forget to build 'greening areas' such as parks in new communities. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

DNA secreted by tumor cell extracellular vesicles prompts anti-metastatic immune response

Specially packaged DNA secreted by tumor cells can trigger an immune response that inhibits the metastatic spread of the tumor to the liver, according to a new study. The discovery improves the scientific understanding of cancer progression and anticancer immunity, and could yield new clinical tools for assessing and reducing metastasis risk. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

Ecosystems: New study questions common assumption about biodiversity

Plant species can fulfill different functions within an ecosystem, even if they are closely related to each other. This surprising conclusion was reached by a global analysis of around 1.7 million datasets on plant communities. The findings overturn previous assumptions in ecology. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:44 EDT

Discovery may open new way to attack prostate cancer

A special protein can play a key role in the fight against certain types of prostate cancer. Until now, treatments have involved blocking the protein in question that builds a so-called signalling pathway, but now the researchers show that by instead doing the opposite and activating the protein and signalling pathway, the cancer is counteracted. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

New hope for schizophrenia: iTBS over the left DLPFC improves negative and cognitive symptoms

Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique known for modifying human behavior and treating neurological diseases. A group of scientists conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the effective TBS protocols for addressing schizophrenia symptoms and cognitive impairment. Their findings suggest that intermittent TBS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may offer a promising alternative to antipsychotic drug-based treatment. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

New hydrogel could preserve waterlogged wood from shipwrecks

From the RMS Titanic to the SS Endurance, shipwrecks offer valuable -- yet swiftly deteriorating -- windows into the past. Conservators slowly dry marine wooden artifacts to preserve them but doing so can inflict damage. To better care for delicate marine artifacts, researchers have developed a new hydrogel that quickly neutralizes harmful acids and stabilized waterlogged wood from an 800-year-old shipwreck. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

Taking high-dose vitamin D supplements for five years did not affect the incidence of type 2 diabetes

Using significantly higher doses of vitamin D than recommended for five years did not affect the incidence of type 2 diabetes in elderly men and women, according to a new study. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

The viral puzzle of why humans are susceptible to hepatitis B virus, but monkeys are not

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a narrow host range, mainly infecting hominoids. A new study reveals the structural differences in the liver cell receptor (NTCP) between humans and monkeys, explaining why HBV infects humans but not monkeys. This marks a significant medical breakthrough, by identifying new molecular targets for anti-HBV drug development for treating hepatitis B, a disease that places a tremendous burden on the global economy. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

Microfiber plastics appear to tumble, roll and move slowly in the environment

The first-known direct observations of the movement of microfiber plastics through a thin layer of soil-like particles show that they tend to tumble, roll and sometimes get stuck in spaces. The findings mean that the fibers could get easily trapped in sediment. The work helps to improve understanding of the exposure risks and possible health impacts of the pervasive pieces of plastic, which are the largest pollutant in the world... Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:43 EDT

Brain mapping advances understanding of human speech and hallucinations in schizophrenia

Voice experiments in people with epilepsy have helped trace the circuit of electrical signals in the brain that allow its hearing center to sort out background sounds from their own voices. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

A caving expedition yields valuable insight into the challenges of field research

Researchers describe how they gathered useful data from a group of people living in extreme conditions, as well as the challenges they faced and the lessons they learned. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

Immune T cells become exhausted in chronic fatigue syndrome patients

Chronic fatigue syndrome creates conditions where pathogen-killing immune T cells become exhausted, according to a new study. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

Imaging synaptic vesicles in 3D

Researchers have used cryo-electron tomography to uncover new details of the molecular structure of synaptic vesicles, which help transport neurotransmitters in the brain. The study could inform therapeutic strategies for psychiatric disorders. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

Controlling matter at the atomic level

Physicists are getting closer to controlling single-molecule chemical reactions -- could this shape the future of pharmaceutical research? Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

Study finds American, Canadian universities vary widely in preparing future urban planners for climate change

A study of American and Canadian universities found most are including climate change in the curriculum for future urban planners, but they vary widely in their approaches to preparing the future professionals for mitigating, adapting to and being resilient to climate change in their profession. Read more ›

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ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily · 12/03/2024 15:42 EDT

Largest-ever exome study offers blueprint for biomedical breakthroughs

Scientists have achieved a significant milestone generating a large collection of exome data, which include genes that code for proteins -- key to understanding health and disease. Read more ›

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